Threelayers.Oneunbreakableproof.
VerdiChain is built on three tightly integrated layers — physical hardware, machine learning validation, and blockchain minting. Each layer makes the next one trustworthy. Together, they eliminate fraud entirely.
The sensor is the source of truth.
Every VerdiChain deployment begins with a physical sensor node placed in or near the green space being credited. The node is a Raspberry Pi-based unit with a suite of environmental sensors, costing approximately $40 in components and designed for outdoor durability and low-power continuous operation.
Soil Carbon Sensor
Measures soil organic carbon concentration as a proxy for long-term biomass sequestration. Readings logged every 15 minutes.
CO₂ Flux Monitor
Tracks atmospheric CO₂ concentration differential above and at ground level to quantify net gas exchange.
Temperature & Humidity Logger
Environmental context data used by the ML model to normalize readings and cross-validate against regional climate baselines.
Biomass Growth Proxy
Correlated indices from soil moisture, conductivity, and root-zone resistance to estimate above-ground biomass growth indirectly.
All sensor data is cryptographically signed with a device-unique key at source. Unsigned data is rejected before it ever reaches the ML pipeline.
The model decides. The model cannot be bribed.
Raw sensor data is meaningless without validation. Our ML pipeline performs three critical functions: anomaly detection to catch spoofed or faulty data, sequestration estimation to quantify CO₂ absorbed, and threshold confirmation to trigger minting only when the evidence is statistically conclusive.
Data Ingestion & Cleaning
Sensor packets arrive signed. The pipeline verifies signatures, checks for dropout patterns, and discards any anomalous readings before processing begins.
Spoofing & Anomaly Detection
A trained classifier checks reading sequences against known-good baselines for the biome type. Unnatural consistency, stepwise jumps, or sensor flatlines trigger an immediate fraud flag.
Sequestration Estimation
Validated readings feed a regression model trained on 50M+ correlated data points from peer-reviewed field studies to estimate net tonnes of CO₂ sequestered over the measurement period.
Threshold Confirmation
When the estimated sequestration crosses a configurable minimum threshold (default: 0.1 tonne CO₂e), the ML pipeline generates a signed confirmation payload and dispatches it to the smart contract.
Minted on-chain. Owned forever.
The signed ML confirmation payload triggers an Ethereum smart contract that mints an ERC-721 NFT token representing one verified carbon credit. The token metadata includes the sensor node ID, GPS coordinates, measurement window, sequestration estimate, ML model version, and a hash of the raw data bundle — all permanently on-chain.
Anyone can verify. No account needed.
Every minted credit ships with a QR code that resolves to the VerdiChain public explorer. Scan it and see the full proof chain: sensor readings, ML validation log, minting transaction hash, GPS location, and current ownership. Regulators, buyers, and the public all see the same immutable record.